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Shuttle Pipes
Shuttle Pipes are a type of bagpipes which derive their name from the drones used to produce the harmony.〔Dr. Raphael Pazo: ''History of Shuttle Bagpipes'', http://www.californiabagpiper.com/id59.html, last updated on Thu February 23 09.〕 Rather than the long tube-like drones of most bagpipes, shuttle pipes use a shuttle drone, a cylindrical chamber enclosing a series of drone tubes, each terminating in a slot covered by a sliding "shuttle" which can be adjusted to lengthen or shorten the distance traveled by air moving through the tube, thus flattening or sharpening the pitch of the note produced.〔〔Christopher Bayley: ''Shuttle Pipes'', http://www.bagpipeworld.co.uk/country/britain/shuttle.html, accessed May 26, 2012.〕〔〔Jerry Finegan: ''Scottish Smallpipes & Shuttle Pipes'', http://www.raleighbagpiper.com/Smallpipes.aspx, last updated 2011.〕
Like other bagpipes, shuttle pipes have a chanter which is used to play the melody.〔 Some modern versions use Great Highland Bagpipe fingering so that Highland bagpipers can easily play it.〔〔George O. Barton, Pipe Master: ''Shuttle Pipes History'', http://www.celticpiper.com/pipes/shuttle.html, accessed May 26, 2012.〕 The bag of the modern shuttle pipe is either mouth-inflated through a blowpipe (or blowstick), or bellows-inflated.〔
Shuttle pipes appeared during the latter half of the 16th century, possibly in France, influenced by the Rackett,〔 and were popular in the 17th and 18th centuries.〔〔 The original form is generally believed to have been bellows-blown—a drawing of a set of bellows-blown shuttle pipes appears in a 1618 ''Syntagma Musicum'' (''Treatise of Music'') by composer and music theorist Michael Praetorius (1571-1621),〔 and a bellows-blown French form, the musette de cour, is portrayed by Flemish baroque artist Sir Anthony van Dyck (1599-1641) in his early 1630s painting ''Portrait of François Langlois''.〔〔The National Gallery, Trafalgar Square, London: ''Portrait of François Langlois'', http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/anthony-van-dyck-portrait-of-francois-langlois, accessed May 26, 2012.〕 The musette de cour was reputedly played by King Louis XIV of France (1638-1715).〔 Interest in the shuttle pipes waned in the 19th century, and they were nearly forgotten by the early 20th century, but they were rediscovered in the 1980s, and they now fill a niche in popular and traditional music for a bagpipes sound where highland pipes would be overwhelming.〔〔〔
==External links==
* (Musette de cour portrayed in van Dyck's '' Portrait of François Langlois '', early 1630s. )
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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